Russia has said legal barriers on the selling of a sophisticated missile system to Iran have been removed eight years after an original agreement between the two countries.
Russia originally agreed to sell the S-300 system to Iran in 2007 but changed its mind in 2010 after the UN imposed sanctions on Iran over its nuclear programme.
The surface-to-air missile system can be used against a variety of targets including aircraft, or to shoot down other missiles.
Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said no legal barriers remained to supplying the S-300 after President Vladimir Putin signed a decree on Monday lifting a ban on such deliveries.
Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said on Monday: "The S-300 is exclusively a defensive weapon, which can't serve offensive purposes and will not jeopardise the security of any country, including, of course, Israel."
Israel condemned the deal however, with Israeli Cabinet minister Yuval Steinitz warning that it would lead to more aggression.
He said: "This is a direct result of the legitimacy that Iran obtained from the emerging nuclear deal.
"Instead of demanding Iran stop its terror activities that it spreads in the Middle East and the entire world, it is being allowed to arm itself with advanced weapons that will only increase its aggression."
US Secretary of State John Kerry raised US concerns in a phone call with Mr Lavrov on Monday night, according to the White House.
A senior Iranian official said on Tuesday it was possible Russia could deliver the missile systems to Tehran this year.
Ali Shamkhani, secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council, was quoted as saying: "I think that they will be delivered this year."
Secretary of Moscow's national security council Nikolai Patrushev, meanwhile, said it would probably take Russia's arms manufacturer "a minimum of half-a-year" to make the missiles ready for delivery.
Russia's latest move follows an interim deal being struck between the Iran and the major powers on restricting Iran's ability to build nuclear weapons.
It comes even though there is another deadline on 30 June for a final deal to be reached which will allow all sanctions to be lifted.
The Kremlin's Mr Peskov said an oil-for-goods barter deal was already in place but declined to give any details.
Sources told Reuters more than a year ago that a barter deal worth up to $20 billion was being discussed with Tehran which would involve Russia buying up to 500,000 barrels of Iranian oil a day in exchange for Russian equipment and goods.
When he was asked whether the exchange had begun, Mr Peskov told reporters: "Absolutely. Of course."
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